Noel Boylan, P. Jennings, and M. Long
Peat slope failure in Ireland
Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology (February 2008), 41(1):93-108

Abstract:
Recent peat slope failures in Ireland in the autumn of 2003 at Pollatomish, County Mayo and Derrybrien, County Galway have focused attention on such events. However, slope failures involving peat are not a recent phenomenon, and possible evidence of peat failures in Ireland has been identified as far back as the Early Bronze Age. This paper summarizes the issues surrounding peat slope failure in Ireland that would be of interest to an engineer or engineering geologist assessing this geohazard. The distribution of peat throughout Ireland, its formation, and its typical characteristic properties are discussed. A review of historical failures shows that there is a relationship between run-out distance and failure volume, and that the majority of the failures are clustered at slope angles between 4 degrees and 8 degrees . It seems that the risk of fatalities from peat slides is relatively low. The likely casual factors of peat slope failure are presented using examples including the recent failures at Pollatomish and Derrybrien, both of which have been investigated by the authors. Particular attention is paid to shear strength properties of peat and the applicability of traditional soil mechanics. Given the uncertainties that exist about peat strength, a cautious approach to slope stability assessment is advocated together with identification of potential causal factors to mitigate against this geohazard.