Shri Krishna Singh, M. Ordaz, R. S. Dattatrayam, and H. K Gupta
A spectral analysis of the 21 May 1997, Jabalpur, India, earthquake (Mw = 5.8) and estimation of ground motion from future earthquakes in the Indian Shield region
Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (December 1999), 89(6):1620-1630

Abstract:
The Jabalpur earthquake (23.08 degrees N, 80.06 degrees E, H = 36 km) is the first event in the Indian Peninsular shield region to be well recorded by a newly installed, 10-station, broadband seismographic network. Using these data, we estimate Q of Lg wave in the Indian shield region as Q = 508f (super 0.48) (1< or =f< or =20 Hz). The corrected source spectrum, with M0 = 5.4X10 ²⁴ dyne-cm (reported in the Harvard CMT catalog) and an omega ² -source model, requires a stress parameter, Delta sigma _p , of approximately 420 bar to explain high-frequency spectral level. The computed seismic energy from the records is 7.4X10 ²⁰ erg, which yields an apparent stress and Brune stress drop of 62 and 270 bars, respectively. The analysis of the Jabalpur earthquake provides some elements for the estimation of ground motions during future earthquakes in the Indian shield region. Based on the results of the Jabalpur earthquake and on studies of tectonically similar region of eastern North America, we assume that (1) the sources follow an omega ² model; (2) S waves dominate at R<100 km, and Lg waves dominate at R> or =100 km; (3) Q(f) = 508f (super 0.48) ; (4) the ground motion is a bandlimited, finite-duration, Gaussian white noise; and (5) the effective duration of the ground motion equals f (super -1) _c +0.05R, where f _c is the corner frequency. We apply random vibration theory (RVT) to compute various measures of ground motion, such as A _max and V _max . At near-source distances, the source finiteness is approximately taken into account. The attenuation curves for 5.5< or =Mw< or =7 and for Delta sigma _p of 100-400 bar are presented. As expected, the predicted values (with Delta sigma _p approximately 420 bar) agree reasonably well with the limited Jabalpur data. An A _max of approximately 150 gal is predicted in the epicentral region of this earthquake. The predicted curves imply Delta sigma _p < or =100 bar for the Latur earthquake of 1993 (Mw = 6.1; H = 2.5 km) to explain A _max <1 g and the reported isoseismal intensities in the epicentral region. For Koyna earthquake of 1967 (Mw 6.3), the inferred A _max and V _max from isoseismal intensities and the recorded strong motions at the Koyna dam site are in agreement with the prediction curves for Delta sigma _p approximately 100 bar. The RVT predictions seem reasonable but need validation from more strong-motion data, which is presently lacking.